Bluetooth jammers face broad bans over interference risks

Bluetooth jammers are generally prohibited in many jurisdictions because they can interfere with wireless communications, according to Engadget. In the United States, their use is outlawed under the Communications Act of 1934 and rules issued by the Federal Communications Commission.

The devices work by broadcasting radio noise across the 2.4 GHz band used by Bluetooth Classic, Bluetooth Low Energy and Wi-Fi. That can prevent Bluetooth signals from arriving or leave them too degraded to use.

Potential effects include disruption to nearby Wi-Fi, baby monitors, security systems and some medical equipment. Engadget also reported that interference can affect Bluetooth-based communications and body cameras used by law enforcement and first responders.

Commercial devices may also operate across the 5 GHz band, allowing them to interfere with Wi-Fi, while do-it-yourself models generally have less capability and range. The legality and penalties vary by country, although the International Telecommunication Union has outlined provisions addressing radio-wave interference for member countries.

Jamming signals can be located using spectrum analysis and direction-finding equipment. The Department of Homeland Security encourages people to report suspected jamming, and Engadget reported that convictions can result in significant fines or jail time.